Table 2 Themes, subthemes, and codes obtained from data analysis
From: Psychological disturbances of survivors throughout COVID-19 crisis: a qualitative study
| Themes | Subthemes | Codes | Frequency of the codes mentioned by participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Living in limbo | Confusion caused by new coronavirus infodemic | Doubts about the accuracy of the information provided by the media | (P1)*2/ (P5)*3/ (P6)*2/ (P7)*1/ (P8)*2/ (P9)*1/ (P13)*1 |
| Being cluttered with information | (P3)*2/ (P7)*1/ (P6)*3/ (P10)*2/ (P14)*4 | ||
| Exacerbated anxiety by hearing conflicting news | (P2)*1/ (P3)*3/ (P5)*1/ (P13)*2 | ||
| Confusion caused by vague prognosis | Fear of recurrence | (P1)*1/ (P2)*2/ (P3)*2/ (P5)*2/ (P7)*1/ (P8)*1/ (P10)*2/ (P11)*2/ (P14)*1 | |
| Fear of unpredictable complications | (P1)*1/ (P2)*1/ (P9)*1 | ||
| Fear of falling asleep and not waking up | (P1)*2/ (P6)*1/ (P13)*1/ (P14)*1 | ||
| Having nightmares | (P1)*1/ (P3)*1/ (P5)*1/ (P6)*1 | ||
| A sense of imminent death | Stress due to high mortality | (P1)*1/ (P2)*1/ (P3)*4/ (P4)*1/(P5)*1/ (P7)*1/ (P10)*2/ (P13)*2/ (P14)*1 | |
| Feeling of approaching death | (P2)*1/ (P4)*1/ (P10)*1/ (P12)*1 | ||
| Being in a life-or-death situation | (P4)*1/ (P10)*1/ (P12)*1 | ||
| Psychological distress behind the wall | Missing others behind the COVID-19 wall | Waiting for a normal day | (P6)*1/ (P9)*1/ (P13)*1 |
| Dull isolation days | (P1)*1/ (P6)*1/ (P9)*1/ (P13)*1 | ||
| Missing family | (P1)*1/ (P2)*1/ (P3)*1/ (P4)*2/(P5)*1/ (P6)*1/ (P8)*1/ (P9)*1/ (P11)*1/ (P12)*2/ (P13)*1/ (P14)*1 | ||
| Psychological distress within the family | Cold atmosphere of the family | (P3)*1/ (P8)*1/ (P12)*1 | |
| Mental vulnerability of family members | (P2)*1/ (P6)*2/ (P8)*2/ (P10)*1 | ||
| Arguments | (P6)*1/ (P8)*1/ (P10)*1 | ||
| Psychological burden of being a carrier | Fear of transmitting the disease | Fear of transmitting the disease to family members | (P1)*2/ (P2)*1/ (P3)*2/ (P4)*1/ (P5)*1/ (P6)*2/ (P8)*2/ (P9)*3/ (P10)*1/ (P11)*1/ (P13)*1/ (P14)*1 |
| Worrying about infecting other people | (P1)*1/ (P4)*1/ (P6)*1/ (P7)*2/ (P8)*1/ (P9)*2/ (P11)*1/ (P12)*1 | ||
| Feeling rejected | Staying away from others | (P3)*1/ (P10)*1/ (P14)*1 | |
| Limited communication between the medical staff and the patient | (P1)*1/ (P4)*2/ (P5)*1/ (P11)*1/ (P14)*1 | ||
| COVID-19 stigma | Negative view of others | (P1)*1/ (P3)*1/ (P4)*2/ (P6)*2/ (P9)*12/ (P13)*2 | |
| Annoying sympathies of others | (P1)*1/ (P4)*1/ (P5)*1/ (P11)*1/ (P14)*1 |